There are two kinds of official electronic charts commonly available:
1. Vector or Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC)
2. Raster Navigational Charts (RNC)
Vector Charts - are compiled by attributing to each and every chart feature a set of values, and each chart feature is stored in a layered digital database. Storage in a database allows the chart data to be displayed as a seamless chart, while layering enables field of data that are not required at the time to be removed from display to reduce chart clutter.
Chart features can be interrogated to display additional information about charted objects.
The inherent "intelligence" of vectorised charts allows three dimensional "route safety zone monitoring". Chart depth contours and air draught clearances around the ship can be monitored automatically, both while the route is being planned and while the ship is on passage. Alarms will be triggered automatically if a safety zone around a ship s breached.